Japan’s calendar is dotted with numerous national holidays, each with its own unique significance and traditions. These holidays not only provide welcome breaks for the hardworking Japanese population but also offer insights into the country’s rich cultural heritage. Let’s explore the major national holidays in Japan throughout the year.
New Year’s Day (January 1) – 元日 (Ganjitsu)
- The most important holiday in Japan
- Traditions include visiting shrines (hatsumode), eating special foods (osechi ryori), and giving money to children (otoshidama)
Coming of Age Day (Second Monday of January) – 成人の日 (Seijin no Hi)
- Celebrates those who have turned 20 in the past year
- Young adults dress in traditional kimono and attend ceremonies
National Foundation Day (February 11) – 建国記念の日 (Kenkoku Kinen no Hi)
- Commemorates the founding of Japan and the accession of its first emperor, Jimmu
Emperor’s Birthday (February 23) – 天皇誕生日 (Tennō Tanjōbi)
- Celebrates the birthday of the current emperor
- The date changes with each new emperor
Vernal Equinox Day (Around March 20) – 春分の日 (Shunbun no Hi)
- Based on the spring equinox
- Many people visit family graves and hold family reunions
Showa Day (April 29) – 昭和の日 (Shōwa no Hi)
- Honors the birthday of Emperor Showa (Hirohito)
- Marks the beginning of Golden Week
Constitution Memorial Day (May 3) – 憲法記念日 (Kenpō Kinenbi)
- Commemorates the promulgation of Japan’s postwar constitution
Greenery Day (May 4) – みどりの日 (Midori no Hi)
- Encourages appreciation of nature
Children’s Day (May 5) – こどもの日 (Kodomo no Hi)
- Celebrates children’s happiness, growth, and well-being
- Families fly carp-shaped streamers (koinobori) and display samurai dolls
Marine Day (Third Monday of July) – 海の日 (Umi no Hi)
- Appreciates the ocean’s importance to Japan as an island nation
Mountain Day (August 11) – 山の日 (Yama no Hi)
- Encourages appreciation for Japan’s mountains
Respect for the Aged Day (Third Monday of September) – 敬老の日 (Keirō no Hi)
- Honors elderly citizens
Autumnal Equinox Day (Around September 23) – 秋分の日 (Shūbun no Hi)
- Based on the autumn equinox
- Similar to Vernal Equinox Day, it’s a time for family gatherings
Sports Day (Second Monday of October) – スポーツの日 (Supōtsu no Hi)
- Promotes sports and an active lifestyle
Culture Day (November 3) – 文化の日 (Bunka no Hi)
- Promotes culture, the arts, and academic endeavor
Labor Thanksgiving Day (November 23) – 勤労感謝の日 (Kinrō Kansha no Hi)
- Expresses gratitude for workers and production
These national holidays reflect Japan’s respect for tradition, nature, children, the elderly, and the country’s constitutional values. They offer a fascinating glimpse into Japanese culture and provide opportunities for both relaxation and celebration throughout the year.
Remember, many businesses and attractions may have special hours or be closed on these days, so it’s always good to plan ahead when visiting Japan!